• Ethnicity and Race

    When Eugene Kinn Choy wanted to buy a lot and build a home in Silver Lake in the late 1940s, the Chinese-American architect had to overcome not only financial and design challenges but a racial one as well. Faced with racial property covenants that would prevent him from purchasing property in the area, Choy went to his future neighbors in order to win their support. He eventually won them over and in 1949 built a modernist home clad in wood siding on Castle Street near the Silver Lake Reservoir. Choy’s life and legacy and those of other pioneering Chinese-American architects are highlighted in a new exhibit – Breaking Ground: Chinese American Architects in Los Angeles – featured in an L.A. Times story.

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    Photo by I.K’s World Trip/Flickr

    Newly released 2010 U.S. Census figures confirm what many in Echo Park have known for quite some time: the neighborhood has changed. With the help of Census Bureau Area Manager Al Fontenot, The Eastsider focused on one of the few census tracts – No. 1974.2 – in Echo Park  that did not undergo any boundary changes between the 2000 and 2010 Census.  During that decade, this central slice  of the neighborhood, which runs from Sunset Boulevard on the south to Avalon Street on the north, grew less crowded, with the population dropping by about 15% to about 3,500 people. While Latinos remained the majority, their share of the population fell from nearly 70% to below 60%.  The white population, meanwhile, grew from about 13% in 2000 to about 23% last year.  Asians’ share of the population remained about the same at about 13%

    There will be more interesting figures in the months ahead as  more details and data from the 2010 Census are released.  Get the most recent Census results in your neighborhood by going to the bureau’s American FactFinder and using the address search in the right-hand column.

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    Jose Angel Dominguez Mondejar of the Asociacion Patriotica Cubana with Bienvenda Husssain, owner of Havana Travel.

    Echo Park’s Cuban community was already fading when Jose Angel Dominguez Mondejar arrived in Los Angeles in 1983.  While a monument to Cuban patriot Jose Marti was installed at Echo Park Lake in the 1970s,   a block north on Sunset Boulevard, the cafes, shops and even a newspaper that catered to Cubans like Dominguez  had begun to disappear.  Tonita’s restaurant. Mena’s Toys. El Carmelo’s bakery. The newspaper 20 de Mayo. They and others are either out of business or out of Echo Park.  “Little by little, they went and moved away,” said Dominguez, a  member of a small pack of elderly Cuban men who hang out in Echo Park.  “Everything started changing.”  There was more change earlier this month when Havana Travel,  perhaps the last Echo Park business connected to that former strip of  Cuban commerce, closed its Sunset Boulevard office and moved  a few blocks away to Alvarado.  Watching Havana Travel move off Sunset “made us sad” said Dominguez.

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    The frequent email newsletters sent out by Capt. William Murphy of the Northeast LAPD Division usually includes a run down of recent statistics and major crimes in his division, which stretches from Silver Lake and Echo Park to Eagle Rock and Highland Park. In February, Murphy wrote about two “male blacks suspects” believed responsible for armed robberies of Highland Park stores along Figueroa Street. The description of the suspects’ race bothered Carl Johnson, editor of the UGLA News, the newsletter of the Uptown Gay & Lesbian Alliance, whose membership is based in Northeast Los Angeles. Johnson, in the March issue of his newsletter, republished Murphy’s account of the Highland Park robberies but deleted the word “black.” He wrote Murphy an email explaining why, which lead to a pointed but polite exchange between Johnson, a longtime supporter of law enforcement, and the veteran police officer. In the current issue of UGLA News, Johnson published the email exchange, excerpted below:

    “I was surprised to notice that in the report under Highland Park,
    you referred to “two black male” suspects. Nowhere else in your report did you make a racial designation of this type. In our newsletter we will be deleting the word “black” as it seems out of place in this otherwise very professional and important update.” – Carl Johnson

    “We only state the race of the suspects if it helps the residents
    and/or business owners identify potential suspects. It’s unusual to have male blacks commit robberies in Highland Park (virtually all the crime is committed by Hispanics or Whites there) … If you have been reading the newsletter for a while you will notice that I do talk about the race of the suspects from time to time. Nothing sinister here (have talked about Hispanic, white, Asian suspects prior).” – William Murphy

    “As you state, since “virtually all of the crime in NELA
    is being commited by White and Hispanics,” why single out the few blacks in your newsletter? I attended an LAPD Forum with Chief Charlie Beck at the Gay and Lesbian Center in Los Angeles a few weeks ago. He spoke clearly and authoritatively about LAPD’s continuing effort to put an end to the stereotyping of LGBT folk. Unfortunately, the few black folk in NELA are now suspect.” – Carl Johnson

    “Hi Carl: You have the right to your view
    - do not agree at all with your response – but so be it. At some point you just have to trust us that we try to do the right thing. Take care. Bill” – William Murphy

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    When the Stone family opened up their Echo Park furniture store in the 1940s, most of the clientele was Jewish. By the 1960s, however, Latinos has begun to patronize the large Stone Bros. outlet on Sunset Boulevard in ever growing numbers. In the 1990s, Stone Bros. changed its name to La Popular, a familiar store name to Los Angeles’ Latino immigrants, as the Stones chased after the Spanish-speaking consumer. Today, Neil Stone, the third generation of his family to operate the store, is managing the business through yet another transformation. Not only has business withered as a result of the recession, many of the Latino customers the store had come to depend on have moved away as Echo Park and surrounding neighborhoods have gentrified, Stone said. The store has changed its merchandise – carrying low-budget versions of Pottery Barn-style sofas and tables – to appeal to the tastes of new residents. Stone said he might even drop the La Popular brand and revive the Stone Bros. name. “Echo Park is changing,” said Stone. “I’m trying to change with it.”

    Stone is part of a line of Jewish merchants whose stores once catered to generations of immigrant shoppers across Echo Park, Boyle Heights, East Los Angeles and other Eastside communities. His grandfather, Stanley, helped opened the first family store on First Street in Boyle Heights in the 1920s. About 20 years later, the family had branched out to Echo Park with a store on Sunset Boulevard just west of Alvarado. Stone’s father, Mike (who passed away about a year ago), managed the Echo Park store, where the younger Stone and his brother would come in as kids to help sweep floors. The 50-year-old Stone has worked full time at the store for half of his life.

    Stone is now struggling to keep his family’s business viable. Sales have fallen so low that Stone is seeking to lease out a big chunk of the 12,000-square-foot store, notable for its neon sign, to other tenants. Meanwhile, he has been shifting his merchandise. The large, over stuffed sofas and bright and floral upholstery favored my many immigrant families has largely disappeared from the crowded showroom. Instead, there are sleek sofas upholstered in leather and muted shades of green and brown. It’s a “loft style” that Stone features in his new advertising circulars and appeals to the increasing number of Anglo customers walking through the door. “Buying habits are different,” he said. “Buying tastes are different.”

    At one point, perhaps 9 out of 10 La Popular customers were Latino. That number is now about 3 out of 10, Stone said. Still, Stone said he’s waiting for the store shift in strategy to pay off financially. Though more of his customers come from more affluent Silver Lake and Los Feliz, many are still looking for deals. A new sofa and love seat clad in red leather, for example, was recently marked down to less than $1,000. “A lot of the young kids walking through here are price conscious,” he said.

    A Tuesday night visit to La Popular offered a glimpse into the change Stone is struggling to keep up with. At one point, an elderly, grey-haired Latina woman walks in and heads to a bilingual sign that reads “Cashier Caja.” She’s here to pay her monthly bill in person and in cash, a common business practice among Latino immigrants. After helping the older woman at the cashier window, Stone then heads to the showroom floor to wait on a younger, English-speaking woman shopping for furniture.

    Stone said he never asked his father what it was like to deal with the change in demographics 50 years ago. Now, Stone said he hopes he can change fast enough.

    The black & white photo is believed to be the interior of the Stone Bros. Boyle Heights store. Photo from Neil Stone.

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    The many breeds of Echo Park

    Sunday, August 16, 2009

    The people of Echo Park are a diverse lot – and so are their pets. Echo Park photographer and resident Sonia Paulino has spent about three years taking portraits of people and their dogs as they walked around Echo Park Lake. The result is a series of more than 30 photos that reflect the different types of people and dogs that call Echo Park home – or at least enjoy a walk around the lake. One of the photos will be included in a show at the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery later this year.

    Here’s a Q & A with Paulino:

    Q: Do you live in Echo Park? What motivated you to shoot pictures of dogs and their owners at Echo Park Lake?

    A: I do live in Echo Park and am interested in the history of the neighborhood, especially the changes in population and culture within the last decade. I moved here only 5 years ago but hear a lot of stories. I’m a people watcher and am intrigued by the myriad of “types” strolling around the lake on any given day. Photographing people with their dogs was a way of narrowing down the options of who to ask to photograph. The idea is an extension of a previous project about couples. I’m also becoming more interested in family portraits.

    Q: Have you done portraits of pets and their owners before?

    A:
    I’ve taken pictures of people with their pets before but only sporadically. This is my first concentrated effort working within that specific theme. I’ve come to realize that it may be a commercially viable approach to getting more commissioned portrait assignments. Photographing people with their dogs (or cats even) is appealing to the client in that they justifiably want to celebrate/document their relationship with their pets, and appealing to me as a continued exploration of representing care and mutual identity.

    Q: How do you take the photos and select the subjects?

    A: I started the series in 2006 and am still working on it. I shoot mostly in the Spring and Summer when the days are long. They are made with a medium format camera on a tripod and portable strobe lighting. My assistant and I set everything up and wait for a dog walker to come by. I’ll ask them if they would be willing to pose for me. I feel the best portraits are a collaborative effort. I’ll ask most anybody with a dog, but would like more variety in my collection of subjects, be it in their ethnicity, sense of style, or breed of dog. The best are people who dress their dogs :)

    Q: How do people react when asked to be photographed?

    A:
    Most people say yes, and I think find it flattering. I like that. I’m all about honoring the ordinary. I have a tit-for-tat going with this one guy who I’ve encountered on several occasions. I ask him every time, and he always says no.

    Q: Do the dog owners get a photo?

    A:
    I get people’s email addresses with a release form and send them jpegs of the pictures we took together. A lot of older generation Latinos don’t have email. If it’s a really good picture I’ll make prints and find a way to give them one. It would be great to have an exhibit locally where I could invite the people in the pictures. They are very detailed and fun to look at printed large, about 40″ x 48″. One of them will be showing at the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery later this year!

    Q: What about you?

    A:
    I’m 33 years old and do not own a dog. I have a Master’s Degree in Fine Arts from UC San Diego.

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    On Saturday morning, over steaming bowls of menudo served in Styrofoam bowls, the members of the Southern California Old Timers gathered within the brick walls of the Maravilla Handball Court in East Los Angeles. This group of mostly older, former prisoners and veteranos from barrios across Southern California had come here not only to attend their 20th Annual Menudo Breakfast. They were also here as part of an effort to preserve the handball court, built in the early 1920s, and to honor its history and the memory of Michi Nishiyama and her husband, Tommy Shigeru, the Japanese-American couple who ran the place and the adjacent grocery store for decades.

    The court on Mednik Avenue served as an unofficial recreation center, gathering place, gambling hall and, at times, refuge not only for members of the Maravilla Handball Club but for nearby residents and members of the Lomita Mara and other gangs.

    “The attraction was the game plus the people,” said Ronnie Villegas, 59, who grew up in the housing project across Mednik Avenue. “It was a safe place to come from the projects and from the police. It was a shelter. They [cops] would look in the door but wouldn’t come in.”

    When word came down that Maravilla Handball Court might be sold, some former and current residents decided to try and save the wedge-shaped community landmark, said Amanda Perez, founder of the Maravilla Historical Society. “It was built by homies and the community brick by brick.”

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    Photos by Rick Morton, the Maravilla Historical Society & The Eastsider

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    Last year’s bitter Echo Park neighborhood council elections symbolized for many the class and ethnic divisions that run through the neighborhood. President Jose Sigala defeated board member Christine Peters’ bid to head the council and his Unity Team of mostly Latino candidates ousted several other longtime White council members. Peters, who challenged the election results, lost her job as chair of the council’s parks and recreation committee. “It is difficult to see how the two sides could come together,” the LA Times said.

    So, imagine the surprise after Sigala replaced one of his own Unity Team members with Peters as head of the council’s influential planning committee. Then there was the sight of both of them (Sigala’s pictured on the right;Peters on the left) protesting alongside parents at Logan Elementary school and cooperating on other issues. Meanwhile, some of the same members of the Unity Team that brought Sigala to power have turned into his most vocal critics, claiming that he and others have abused and ignored council rules.

    It’s not like Peters and Sigala are throwing air kisses at each other, but they have at least agreed to keep it civil.

    “She and I have collaborated on issues, we have brought things forward together,” Sigala said of Peters. “I felt I trusted her judgement. People were surprised.”

    “Planning is the hottest button issue in our community and I think it says a lot that Jose was able to appoint me, considering we continue to agree to disagree now and again,” said Peters. “I had a choice-quit the [neighborhood council] altogether or volunteer to get us back on track. We had to put personal differences aside and focus on the Neighborhood issues at hand.”

    Some other board members and Unity Team candidates, including his wife, Lisa Baca and vice president David Rockello, are also playing down the divisiveness of the election. “There shouldn’t be any them or us,” said Rockello. “We are working in cooperation”



    “The Unity Team has served its purpose,” said Baca. “Now we are the neighborhood council. Sink or swim together.”

    But this this show of unity has not been enough to quell the Echo Park council’s reputation for out-of-control, Jerry Springer Show-like antics. Other members of the Unity Team slate have broken ranks with Sigala over claims that the bylaws and process governing the neighborhood council have been ignored as he consolidates power. Board member Ida Tallala claims that those like her who have disagreed with Sigala have been left on the outs and that he has betrayed the Unity Team’s ideals

    “He wanted to change things so that the board would have to be more responsible and responsive. And we bought into it,” Tallala said. “Jose and Lisa would call the shots and the rest of us would have to fall in line. Things don’t work out that way.”

    In response to concerns expressed by Tallala and others, one of the members from the city’s Neighborhood Council Review Commission is expected to observe tonight’s board of governors meeting of the Greater Echo Park Elysian Neighborhood Council. Tallala hopes the commissioner will find evidence to support her concerns while Sigala says he wants the commissioner to witness his efforts to promote professional conduct. What ever happens will probably be entertaining, said vice president Rockello.

    “I tell people that if you are missing the neighborhood council meetings, you are missing the best novela in Echo Park.”

    Photo courtesy of the Garment Citizen

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    Gustavo Arellano, has labeled “La Causa” as anti-Semitic and casts a light on his involvement in “La Voz de Aztlan.” KPFK, meanwhile, issued a statement saying it has “taken immediate measures to review and address some of the allegations and concerns” expressed in the Jewish Journal article.

    It’s not clear if Cebada’s show is in jeopardy. But, if Cebada and “La Causa are forced off the air, you can always attend a meeting of the Echo Park neighborhood council to hear what you have been missing.

    Watch Cebada interviewed in 1996.

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Hw1CzOhnis&hl=en&fs=1]

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    Trying to describe a multi-ethnic and racial neighborhood like Echo Park always seems to get you in trouble. Someone always feels left out of the United Colors of Echo Park, which have shifted over the decades and can change from block-to-block. The LA Times, for example, in a story about the deadly March gang shooting spree near Echo Park Avenue and Baxter Street quoted one resident as saying that it was ‘”very, very rare” to have white people in the neighborhood in the 1990s.”‘ That, of course, lead some residents to complain that the paper had oversimplified the neighborhood’s diversity. As a result, the Times published a correction:

    “An article in the March 3 Section A about a triple shooting in Echo Park described the changing demographics of that area and quoted a resident as saying white people were a rarity in the neighborhood in the 1990s. Census data indicate that the resident was correct in describing his own immediate neighborhood, but that other parts of Echo Park had substantial non-Latino white populations at the time.”

    Well, whether you agree with this correction depends on how you define “a rarity” and “immediate neighborhood.” The Echo Park shootings took place in U.S. Census Tract No. 1974 (shown above). It’s one of several tracts that make up the neighborhood and stretches from the more affluent hills of Elysian Heights on the north to the more crowded and poorer flats along Sunset Boulevard on the south. In 1990, before the most recent wave of gentrification left Echo Park awash in coffee houses, Priuses and bushy sideburns, the Census takers counted 7,114 people living in the tract. Of those residents 4,105, or nearly 58%, identified themselves as being of Hispanic origin. Non- Hispanic whites, meanwhile, totaled 1,645 or about 23% of the population. Saying whites were a “rarity” doesn’t sound correct when they made up nearly one out of every four residents.

    With the government preparing for the 2010 Census, I’m sure the United Colors of Echo Park will shift again, providing more data to debate and trip over.

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